He also protects us from evil. There is a fair amount of disagreement about the structural divisions of Psalm 23, based upon differences of opinion in the number of poetic images employed. All Rights Reserved. ; Joel 2:12). 21:4 forever. He guided his people through hard times, was victorious in time of war, and was known as being “a man after God’s own heart”. also A. They continually get themselves in trouble. 4 Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil; for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. 46); He provides for the joys as well as the necessities of life (John ii. Psalm 22 is the 22nd psalm of the Book of Psalms, generally known in English by its first verse, in the King James Version, "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" To have the hospitality of such a host was to be secure indeed! Exod. 6:6; Lk. The second and third lines of verse 3 remind us that as a shepherd leads his flock, so God guides His people: “He guides me in the paths of righteousness for His name’s sake.”. The Book of Psalms, it can be safely said, has had more influence and has accomplished more good than any other collection of poetry ever written. The shepherd image was very common in the ancient Near East78 and very obviously based upon one of the principal occupations of that day. He makes me lie down in green pastures, He leads me beside quiet waters, He restores my soul. Eph. David didn’t write the book of Psalms. However, there is evidence that this is not true. This offered great security, especially since the host was a man of influence and generosity. Psalm 23, often just referred to as "The Lord is My Shepherd," is the most well known of all the psalms, and is revered by Christians and Jews alike. King James Bible 1611. As David wrote elsewhere: The young lions do lack and suffer hunger; but they who seek the Lord shall not be in want of any good thing (Ps. For paths cp. We can sense this from Old Testament passages such as Genesis 18:1-8, where Abram graciously entertained three “men” who passed by as strangers. Bible Gateway passage: Psalm 22 - New Revised Standard Version First of all, David was a Judahite warrior. Johann Sebastian Bach’s Cantata 85, “Ich … Many psalms include a superscription, which we believe to have been added after the fact by the people putting together the psalm book. There are those who feel that the Psalm was written when David was a lad tending the sheep, because it is a shepherd's psalm. Nothing can be determined for certain. Gordon Churchyard. I Sa. 34:23-24; Mic. Psalm 23, with its vivid portrait of yearning for and trust in God, is one of the most well known chapters in the book of Psalms. There are two systems for numbering the verses in the Psalms. I fear that Leupold does the same in his interpretation of verse 5. 1:5-6, 12, 14). Jacob spoke of God as “The God who has been my shepherd all my life …” (Gen. 48:15; cf. … The shepherd can be portrayed from two standpoints. How long will the footprints on the moon last? People can’t believe Trump’s tiny desk isn’t a joke. When we read this verse, we often picture someone walking through a tar-black valley and Satan himself hovering over them with his black hood and sickle waiting to pounce on them. A. Anderson has correctly caught the force of this expression when he renders it, “he acts for the sake of his reputation.”88 The measure of a shepherd is the condition of his flock. Psalm 23: Found in the center of the Bible, the Book of Psalms is a collection of poems and songs that connect to various emotions. 104:14-15). 4:1-4). Few people fail to appreciate the simplistic beauty and comfort contained in the Twenty-third Psalm. He who is all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-caring, is enough; He is sufficient. As He Himself said, “I will never desert you, nor will I ever forsake you” (Heb. the use of the same term in Gen. 29:2; Isa. He said psalms 23 words 1 , he said God is our father and He knows all our needs , he recite this word at the end of family and personal prayer, he is 9 year old, Although we are not allowed to change the word of God since he was 1 day old I said to him, the Lord is John's shepherd and John has everything he need, so say your name where it says the Lord is my shepherd. 109-110. 4 Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me. Reading this Psalm 27 line upon line, I found this: Those who enjoy the benefits of being cared for by the Good Shepherd (John 10:14) are those who know the Shepherd’s voice and who follow Him. LORD, how numerous are my enemies! The Psalms were not written by a single author but by at least six different men over the course of several centuries. However as Keller points out,77 the vantage point of the psalm is from the perspective of the sheep, not that of the shepherd. Thus the Lord Jesus identified himself as the Good Shepherd (John 10:11; cf. Psalm 23, “The Lord is my shepherd,” is arguably the most famous psalm in the Bible. 3:1) served to prepare him for shepherding God’s flock, the nation Israel: “He also chose David His servant, and took him from the sheepfolds; from the care of the ewes with suckling lambs He brought him, to shepherd Jacob His people, and Israel His inheritance” (Ps. 15).” Kirkpatrick, p. 127. Historical Context. 2 He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters. 2 He makes me lie down in green f pastures. It is David's Heavenly Pastoral; a surpassing ode, which none of the daughters of music can excel. Psalm 23: A Sheep's Testimony Psalm 23 is the best known and most popular of all the psalms. 49:24). For example, in verse 5, he was old enough to have enemies. It was understood that this was a provision of shelter and food, but even more it was a guarantee of protection from harm. They enter into eternal blessings through Jesus Christ who is the door to the sheepfold (John 10:1ff.). It is His presence which dispels our fears. One of the assurances the psalmist is confident he will never lack is the leading of God in his life. His trust in God was so strong that he felt as if he was at peace, in a meadow with a quiet brook to drink from, and with God holding his hand. Psalm 23 is also known as The Shepherd's Psalm. Christian comfort is only for Christians. 9; Ps. in 1971. 78:71), and the Messiah who was to come, of whom David was a type (Ezek. No greater security or comfort could be obtained by a traveler in the ancient Near East than to be offered the hospitality of a home. I’m talking about Psalm 23:4, the one about walking through the valley of the shadow of death. In like manner shepherds are still known to carry a little flask of oil to anoint the scratched face of the sheep that was obliged to seek its food among thorns and brambles.” Leupold, pp. 78:70-71). The relatively modern Hebrew grammar of Psalm 23 points to a late period, during or after the Babylonian Exile. After all, David was a shepherd in his youth (1 Sam. David was truly a “man of sorrows.” Nowhere did God promise David (or any other saint) freedom from the suffering and trials of life. 78 A. Ps. It may picture the straying sheep brought back, as in Isaiah 49:5, or perhaps Psalm 60:1 (Heb. The shepherd theme is introduced in the first verse: “The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.”. The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.—Psalm 23:1. But it’s really hard to figure out Psalm 4’s context. Probable Occasion When Each Psalm Was Composed contains the Psalm, the scripture it … He guides me along the right paths for his name’s sake. I offer this line-by-line exposition of the 23rd Psalm so that we can look to see exactly what David is telling us under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. Did you notice the change of pronouns? Ho. If you would experience the comfort and consolation of Psalm 23, you can only do so as a sheep, as a guest who has been invited to sit at the Lord’s table. 17:28). Let us seek to study God’s shepherding and to strive to shepherd others as God shepherds us. He writes from the background of growing up in East Africa and later making his living as a sheep rancher for about eight years. To the LORD I cried out, and he answered me from his holy hill. 18:6-9). Reprinted from People’s Paper (Australia), by Ray Charlton. Mark S. Smith says in 'Taking Inspiration: Authorship, Revelation, and the Book of Psalms, published in Psalms and Practice (edited by Stephen Breck Reid) David ruled towards the end of what scholars have considered the period of archaic Hebrew, but the psalms attributed to David are considered to belong to a later stage of Hebrew, making a comparison between the English of Beowulf, The Canterbury Tales or even Shakespeare, and the present times. Satisfaction, significance, and security are all abundantly supplied to the believer by God, as indicated by the imagery of the hospitable host.98 An even greater fellowship and graciousness is suggested by the hospitality motif than by that of the pastoral imagery. In order to be refreshed and renewed in spirit, rest is a prerequisite. Goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: Here is a prince of the blood royal of heaven attended by two body guards, — goodness and mercy, — which keep close behind him. Psalm 23 has been called the pearl of the Psalms. To sit as a guest at the table of a host was to be assured of food, housing, fellowship and protection. 124-125. AUTHOR: David. Psalms 23:6. We are hardly surprised. Psalm 3 - A psalm of David, written when he fled from his son Absalom. The cup was likewise a gesture of generosity. 1. In fact, in times of distress, God’s care and keeping was more certain than ever. 1 Sam. 3 He restores my soul; He guides me in the paths of righteousness For His name's sake. # 23:6 Hebrew for length of days Sources. 1. Sharonlee Strahan Villas; Book Now; Book Now; Cookie policy; why was psalm 23 written. 94 “The shepherd imagery has served its purpose, to be replaced by one of greater intimacy.” Kidner, p. 111. He is the protector of the sheep as they wander in search of grazing land. God is also portrayed as a begrudging giver in the temptation of our Lord (Matt. 11. xxiii. Deut. Especially in times of distress, such as the death of a loved one, we instinctively turn to the assuring words, “The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.”. In verses 1-4 Yahweh is portrayed as the Good Shepherd who cares for his flock; in verses 5 and 6, on the other hand, Yahweh is the Host who offers hospitality to a guest and protects him from enemies. (Psalm 46:1) After meditating upon that first verse of Psalm 27 and finding the cross references to compare, I noticed that David shares his experience and how he was victorious in his times of trial. Various possibilities have been suggested—Saul’s persecution of him, Absalom’s rebellion, some political crisis, etc. 1 Sam. The author of Psalm 23is David, the shepherd king of Israel, who was the second King of Israel. 1 The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want. Heb. What a wonderful assurance! Paul tells us that God’s work of saving men by grace was for the purpose of bringing praise “to the glory of his grace” (cf. Discipline may seem unpleasant at the moment, but it is a comfort in the long term (cf. 103 “Forever is lit. I will feed them in a good pasture, and their grazing ground will be on the mountain heights of Israel. God’s care in the past is but a sample, a kind of first-fruits of what is yet ahead. v. 8, xxvii. As a young boy I was troubled by the language of this verse and thought the expression, “I shall not want,” meant that David didn’t want the shepherd. xcv. Scholars believe that it was written towards the end of King David's life. Psalm 23 cannot be fully appreciated apart from the word of God spoken to Israel through the prophet Ezekiel. Whether or not we are able to grasp how a father could offer his virgin daughters to such a mob, we must at least gain some appreciation for the strong sense of obligation Lot felt to the two men in view of his hospitality.96 Psalm 23:5 describes this type of protective hospitality. The Shepherd’s Psalm. In conclusion, let me note also the providence of God in the life of David. also, Leupold, pp. These forty years the Lord your God has been with you; you have not lacked a thing” (Deut. Now behold, I have two daughters who have not had relations with man; please let me bring them out to you, and do to them whatever you like; only do nothing to these men, inasmuch as they have come under the shelter of my roof” (Gen. 19:6-8). John 1:29). The Story Behind the Psalm. The blessings and the calmness of soul which David experienced in his life and expressed in this psalm would be a delight to anyone, but how can we be assured of them in our lives? They were used both to ward off enemies and to rescue straying sheep. God cares for us individually, but He also cares for us through others. In our church we emphasize “body life,” and I believe this is rightly so. 13:20; 1 Pet. I. Poem Summary. A. Anderson writes, “This terminology is not, however, peculiar to Israel, but it is also found among other nations of the ancient Near East; e.g. I am inclined to see two images in the psalm, that of the shepherd (vv. Rest is certainly related to the required physical provisions of food and water, but rest is also related to restoration. 78:70-71) and to write about the Good Shepherd. 7). The expression “lie down” speaks of rest (cf. Some even see the imagery of a guide in verses 3 and 4. 45:7 (M. T. 8), 92:10 (M. T. 11), 133:2; Ec. Psalm 23 A psalm of David. What are the release dates for The Wonder Pets - 2006 Save the Ladybug? Psalms 23 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the Church of Christ, presents a verse level look at the Bible. These are: Psalm 59 King Saul, in his jealousy, sent messengers to David’s house to kill him, but he was able to escape before the men could enter. The term “shepherd” came to be used in a much broader way,79 describing leadership either of an individual or a group. 2:25; 5:4). 23 1 23:1-2 Ezech. There are fourteen psalms that were written by David to commemorate some event in his life. iv. 23.1) wrote this piece in his youthful days while he was still tending his father’s flock. 74 Bernhard W. Anderson, Out of the Depths: The Psalms Speak for Us Today (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1974), p. 144. The amount of security which any host could provide depended upon his prestige and power. Let us now explore Psalm 23 line by line and phrase by phrase: The Lord is my shepherd. 1:5). A. Anderson, Psalms 1-72, p. 198. The table prepared in the presence of David’s enemies was the host’s public announcement to them not to attempt to molest David in any way. In the Hymn to the Sun-God (ANET, p. 387b, line 26), Shamash is designated as ‘shepherd of (the people of the world).’” A. Psalms was written by David. Yet David’s was a very important task. 5-6).76 With this background in mind, let us begin our study of Psalm 23. 19:7). G. Dalman, Arbeit und Sitte in Palastina (1932), VI, pp. 17:2; Ezek. The Book of Psalms is a collection of poems that were originally set to music and sung in worship to God. 238ff.). For example, "Thou" was used in line 7 in Psalms 23, which was written by King David. 112-113. xvii. 21:4 forever. Perhaps Bernhard Anderson has best expressed the value of the Twenty-third Psalm when he wrote, No single psalm has expressed more powerfully man’s prayer of confidence ‘out of the depths’ to the God whose purpose alone gives meaning to the span of life, from womb to tomb.74, While few of us understand the life of the shepherd in the ancient Near East, most have been able to grasp the message of comfort and assurance conveyed in the psalm. i.7), though it must be admitted that it seems to point to it.” Kirkpatrick, pp. Surely — This is another of the psalmist’s inferences, and a very sure one. There is a subtle but significant change which occurs in verse 4. Those who do not believe in Jesus Christ as their Shepherd are not sheep, but “dogs” and “hogs” (cf. 23 was written by David when he was a young shepherd serving his father, Jesse, while he was keeping watch over sheep near Bethlehem. Psalms is the longest book of the Bible (see what the longest book actually is). 11).” A. F. Kirkpatrick, The Book of Psalms (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House [reprint], 1982), p. 125. David was fleeing from his son. The Old english was used in Psalms because it was written in the past. 34:10, emphasis mine; cf. 40:11 Joh. 75 I am inclined to agree with Leupold, who writes, “Yet it is far less likely that ‘the sweet psalmist of Israel’ (II Sa. Themes. The fact that God was David’s shepherd did not keep him from many trials and tribulations. It is a prophetic utterance Of Ha Mashaiach, and His life, approximately one thousand years before He lives it unto His Ab, Ha AHAYA. The seemingly insignificant tasks and experiences of our lives are of great importance. Verse 4 gives us yet another reason why God can be relied on to guide His sheep. Jack has written 1100 articles on What Christians Want To Know! 2 He makes me lie down in green f pastures. 1 A Psalm of David. We need “sex appeal” so we must buy a new toothpaste, a new kind of mouthwash and a new brand of soap. Poem Text. It is to be expected that he will speak of God’s care in sheep-like terms. Criticism. A. Anderson, pp. Americans 'tired of COVID' have experts worried. Well, at least that’s what I picture. The material on this site can not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written permission of Multiply. 1 Sam. Chapter 23. Many say about me, “God will not deliver him.” (Selah) But you, LORD, are a shield that protects me; you are my glory and the one who restores me. Hammurabi is called ‘the shepherd’ (ANET, p. 164b) or ‘the shepherd of the people’ (ANET, p. 165b; cf. 10:14-22). xlv. God’s reputation as seen by His care of His people is the basis of Moses’ appeal for mercy when God threatened to wipe out the nation for the incident involving the golden calf (Exod. 3), which use the same verb, whose intransitive sense is often ‘repent’ or ‘be converted’ (e.g. Read them in the archive below. But although darkness is the leading thought in most of the Old Testament contexts, death is dominant in a few, including (in my view) the present verse. We must be very careful here, however, that we do not go too far. Copyright © 2020 Multiply Media, LLC. all the days of my life, and I shall # Ps. Psalm 23 is het meest eenvoudige en tegelijkertijd meest diepgaande loflied in de Bijbel. Psalm 23 (New Living Translation) A Psalm of David. David never lost his sense of individual pastoral care from the hand of his Shepherd. It may well be, however, that David is simply looking forward to continued fellowship and communion with God as he has already experienced it in his life. The purpose of this message is to help us more clearly understand the imagery used to convey comfort and calm to the soul of those who are a part of God’s flock by faith in Jesus Christ. Conversely, we must not let the imagery be carried too far so that we begin to see too much. Psalm 26 likely was written in a time of crisis in the singer’s life. Taken in its most literal and restricted sense, this expression conveys David’s thought that God “renews and sustains my life.”84 As David’s shepherd, God provides him with rest and restoration. 23 The L ord is my d shepherd; I shall not e want. In our context the two senses evidently interact, so that the retrieving or reviving of the sheep pictures the deeper renewal of the man of God, spiritually perverse or ailing as he may be.” Kidner, Psalms 1-72, p. 110. Psalms, but, rather, whether the Psalms contain any poems written before the Exile,”3 there are now scholars who claim there is no limit backwards for this type of literature.4 Gun- kel and Mowinckel, whose views we shall consider in detail later, agree in dating the Psalms … While this message does not dwell on this area of application, allow me to suggest that Psalm 23 not only describes the Good Shepherd, but also good shepherding. “The word for righteousness nowhere retains its primary physical meaning of straightness. 6; Ps. The Lord takes the speaker to peaceful and relaxing places, like green fields and calm waters. Against the backdrop of the false shepherds who had abused and oppressed God’s flock, God promised to return to His people as their shepherd and to give them rest: For thus says the Lord God, “Behold, I Myself will search for My sheep and seek them out. This is called the superscription. Psalm 23 ("The Lord is My Shepherd") Summary. 84:11). It is rather difficult to ascertain the exact occasion of the writing of the 23rd Psalm. Some seem to feel that God cares about them only when everything is going well. 12:5-12) and a motivation for us to “make our paths straight” (Heb. Thalahayam-psalms 23 is written about Ha Mashaiach. The first four verses focus on God as the faithful and good Shepherd of his people. He leads me beside still waters. Many of David’s psalms are full of complaints, but this is full of comforts, and the expressions of delight in God’s great goodness and dependence upon him. Verses 4 and 5 confirm this as well. 11, viii. 6 Surely goodness and lovingkindness will follow me all the days of my life, And I will dwell in the house of the LORD forever. According to tradition, all of the psalms were written by King David, one of the earliest kings of Israel, a.k.a. The other psalm that he wrote when but a young lad was Ps. also p. 177b). Psalms 23. David's Psalm of Steadfastness (2Sa 23) Psalm 108: 970 BC: David's Psalm of Salvation (1Ki 2) Psalm 37: 967 BC: Psalm for Solomon (2Ch 1) Psalm 72: 967 BC: Psalm of Korah (1Ki 3) Psalm 45: 959 BC: Psalms of Solomon (2Ch 7) Psalms 135, 136: 950 BC: Solomon Psalm of Blessing: Psalm 127: 701 BC: Korah's Psalms of Refuge (2Ch 32) Psalms 46 - 48 : 586 BC: Psalms of Desolation (Jer. 3. 2 He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters. Charles Spurgeon wrote, “I like to recall the fact that this psalm was written by David, probably when he was a king. xv. The mentality behind David’s words is completely opposed to the Madison Avenue propaganda where we are constantly being told that we have many needs, all of which can be met by buying some new (or old) product. God’s guidance in the life of a believer is more than just a matter of leading us in the “right path”; it involves His leading us in “paths of righteousness.”87 What a wonderful word of comfort for those who seem to think that God’s will is some kind of mystery, known only to the few who are so fortunate to find it. (NASB). psalm 23 overview There is no inspired title to this psalm, and none is needed, for it records no special event, and needs no other key than that which every Christian may find in his own bosom. I am tempted to entitle these verses, “A Sheep Looks at his Shepherd in Psalm 23.” Let us then consider our Great Shepherd from the viewpoint of the sheep. Furthermore, since we are all to be shepherds of God’s flock in the broadest sense, we can learn a great deal not only about our Shepherd, but also about shepherding. The Israelites, in particular, were known as shepherds (cf. It is amazing to ponder that in order to become the Good Shepherd our Lord first had to become a sheep—the Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world (cf. David is describing God’s relationship to him in terms of a kindly shepherd’s relationship to one of his sheep. But since the logic of God’s covenant allows no ending to His commitment to a man, as our Lord pointed out (Mt. Bob was born and raised in a Christian home i... More, 4. Verse 4 further qualifies the “I shall not want” of verse 1b. The psalm is loved by Jews and Christians alike, speaking as it does of God’s protection and care. The clear implication of David’s statement in Psalm 23:1 is that as one of God’s sheep he will lack nothing which is necessary for his best interest. Task was left to his name 's sake him as an esteemed guest he must now this... ” Kirkpatrick, pp righteousness 2. for his name ’ s meaning only to a late period, or. Was born into a large family as the necessities of life ( John 10:15.... 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You ; you have not lacked a thing ” ( Heb God shepherds us of all, David was type! Tends to spiritual well-being, making sure that the spirit-filled servant of the psalmist s. Many helpful insights pasture, and I will never lack is the door to the regal anointing, for are... In the Bible and responsibility of a shepherd in his early years, we may begin to see too.. Is confident he will never desert you, nor will I ever forsake you ” John. In God him with the role and responsibility of a Bedouin chief.95 one of principle. 23 by King David, one of the good shepherd mind, us! Him with the slingshot who took out Goliath Middle English can be confident that God will his. Deeper values and not insist on purely mechanical procedures. ” Leupold, pp robert when was psalm 23 written Bob... Temple, this task was left to his son Absalom of David. ) Lord cried... ) and in the right paths reason why God can be portrayed from two standpoints ) long after ’! 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